{"id":4488,"date":"2020-11-03T00:28:37","date_gmt":"2020-11-03T00:28:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/9thstreetjournal.org\/?p=4488"},"modified":"2023-03-27T15:52:37","modified_gmt":"2023-03-27T15:52:37","slug":"cast-but-not-always-counted-what-are-provisional-ballots","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/9thstreetjournal.org\/2020\/11\/03\/cast-but-not-always-counted-what-are-provisional-ballots\/","title":{"rendered":"Cast, but not always counted: What are provisional ballots?"},"content":{"rendered":"

By Michaela Towfighi and Kalley Huang<\/p>\n

When one of Gunther Peck\u2019s students told him that she had cast a provisional ballot in the 2016 election, he immediately worried.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cI was like, \u2018uh oh,\u2019 and then I checked it out afterwards,\u201d said the Duke history professor and voting rights activist. His search confirmed his fears. \u201cShe voted, and she had no voting history.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Her provisional ballot was never accepted.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Like Peck\u2019s student, 1,084 Durhamites cast ballots that did not count in 2016, according to the <\/span>Durham County Board of Elections<\/span><\/a>. Some may still be under the impression that they participated in the election four years ago.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe worst thing is, a lot of people don\u2019t even realize their vote didn\u2019t count,\u201d Peck said. \u201cThe pernicious part of it is that you\u2019d have to check your voter history after the fact to see that your vote didn\u2019t count.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Provisional ballots are cast when a poll worker is unable to verify a voter\u2019s eligibility when they check in at a polling place. It\u2019s like an entrance to a party where it\u2019s unclear whether or not you are on the guest list. Except in this case, the party is an election and getting in doesn\u2019t mean your vote counts. Provisional ballots are held aside until county election officials investigate to determine whether or not the people who cast them are eligible to vote.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Provisionals are more likely to be cast on Election Day, according to Patrick Gannon, a North Carolina State Board of Elections spokesperson. In the early in-person voting period, voters are able to register and cast a ballot on the same day. This process is called one-stop voting.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

However, on Election Day, if a voter is not registered with their name in the county poll book, a directory that tracks registered voters, they are presented with a provisional ballot.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

At the North Carolina Central University polling site, only 26 of the 91 provisional ballots cast in 2016 were counted in whole or in part \u2014 overall, less than 30%.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Statewide, over 90% of provisional ballots cast in 2016 were counted in whole or in part.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s absurd,\u201d Peck said. \u201cPeople waited hours to cast those provisional ballots. The wait time in 2016 was four and a half hours because everybody was casting provisional ballots. The line was melting.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

He attributed the \u201chorrific\u201d throw rate to a \u201cperfect storm\u201d \u2014 a partisan fight over counting students\u2019 provisionals, lower voter enthusiasm leading to last-minute decisions to vote, poll workers not informing voters to vote at their assigned precinct, and students being confused about how to register and where to vote.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N.C. Central has an early vote site that also serves as an Election Day precinct. All students can vote early there, but only on-campus residents may vote there on Election Day \u2014 a complex distinction that may have driven up the rate at which provisional ballots were cast and thrown out.<\/span><\/p>\n

Reasons for Provisional Voting\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

The North Carolina State Board of Elections gives a provisional ballot when a voter has no record of registration. Voters may also receive a provisional ballot if they do not have an acceptable form of ID, don\u2019t have a recognized address, are at the incorrect voting precinct, or have already voted according to records.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

If a voter\u2019s registration is removed from the county poll book, they are also presented with a provisional ballot. A voter\u2019s registration can be canceled if they moved within the state, were convicted of a felony or were accidentally removed when lists were updated, among other reasons.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Additionally, if the voting hours for a precinct are extended by the state board on Election Day, then all voters who cast a ballot during the extended hours must vote provisionally. This happened at <\/span>eight Durham precincts in 2016<\/span><\/a>, after technological issues delayed the voting process.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Provisional ballots disproportionately affect younger and poorer voters, Peck said, because they are more likely to move in between elections.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIf your parents have lived at the same address for 40 years, they\u2019re never going to be asked to vote provisionally, because they\u2019re fixed,\u201d he said.<\/span><\/p>\n

Although the throwing problem is particularly acute at N.C. Central, it is not isolated to the university. Young voters in general are more likely to cast provisional ballots, which exposes their vote to risk of rejection.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMost people have never even heard of provisional ballots, so they don\u2019t know the hazard or the danger in casting one,\u201d Peck said.<\/span><\/p>\n

Reviewing Provisional Ballots<\/b><\/p>\n

When a voter casts their provisional votes, their ballot is separated from others and marked for later review. This review process happens after the election, when the county board meets to accept or reject all provisional ballots cast.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In the review process, the board does research to validate unknown addresses, verify voters\u2019 identities and find any indication that voters have attempted to register prior to Election Day. As officials search through the records of registration locations, such as the DMV, processing errors that prevented voters from entering the poll book could be unveiled, according to Gannon. Those unsaved by a mistake-proving document are less lucky.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIf it’s obvious that the person did not make any attempt to register, and then cast a provisional on Election Day, that ballot would not be counted,\u201d he said.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In 2016, the Durham County Board of Elections approved 518 provisional ballots after their research confirmed that the voters were registered and eligible.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In some cases though, provisional ballots are partially counted. This happens when a voter\u2019s registration is eligible, but they voted outside of their designated precinct. In those cases, the voter\u2019s ballot is counted for the races they are eligible to participate in, which may only include national and statewide races.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIf the voter lives in Congressional district 13 and voted in Congressional district 4, the vote for Congress would not count,\u201d the Durham County Board of Elections explained in its <\/span>provisional ballot press release for the 2016 election<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

During the 2016 election, 324 provisional ballots were partially accepted in Durham County. In total, just over half of the provisional ballots cast in Durham were either completely or partially counted.<\/span><\/p>\n

Peck is more optimistic about this year\u2019s provisional ballots. The state elections board has made an active effort to make sure as many ballots as possible are counted, he said. At N.C. Central, he added, administrators and students have encouraged the campus community to vote early, when voters have time to fix issues that may arise with their registration.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s a combination of administrative problems, lack of knowledge, and also a system where you don\u2019t know until after the fact, which is not deliberate voter suppression, but it is suppressing votes,\u201d Peck said.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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