{"id":3367,"date":"2020-07-22T15:16:23","date_gmt":"2020-07-22T15:16:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/9thstreetjournal.org\/?p=3367"},"modified":"2023-03-27T15:52:18","modified_gmt":"2023-03-27T15:52:18","slug":"how-a-durham-artist-tracked-public-safety-spending-for-over-a-decade","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/9thstreetjournal.org\/2020\/07\/22\/how-a-durham-artist-tracked-public-safety-spending-for-over-a-decade\/","title":{"rendered":"How a Durham artist tracked the city’s public safety budget for a decade"},"content":{"rendered":"

Andrea Cobb, a<\/span> nationally known artist<\/span><\/a> based in Durham, collected and filed away the annual property tax notices she received in the mail for more than a decade. She carefully examined each, paying particular attention to the chart at the bottom of the page explaining how the city spent its general fund \u2014 taxpayer money that covers core city services.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cI wanted to know where my taxes are going,\u201d said Cobb, a 55-year-old Durham native whose art clients include Burt\u2019s Bees, INDY Week, Whole Foods and Kleenex.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
Self-portrait by Andrea Cobb. Courtesy of the artist.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

She saw a glaring trend in the numbers: In 2009, 35% of the general fund spending went to public safety, which includes the city\u2019s police department, fire department, 911 call services and emergency management.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

That public safety spending rose steadily over the years, reaching a high of about 52% in the 2017- 2018 fiscal year.<\/span><\/p>\n

Durham\u2019s<\/span> final city<\/span><\/a> budgets over the same period show that about 60% of public safety money went to the police department each year.<\/span><\/p>\n

In 2019, property taxes in Durham paid for half of the general fund\u2019s budget. About 50% of the general fund was allotted to public safety at large, and $65 million of that went to the police department \u2014 about 61% of the total public safety budget last year.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cobb said the realization that a decent chunk of her taxes were going to police, rather than public services like education and social services, concerned her.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt’s a lot of money,\u201d Cobb said. \u201cAnd, you know, it’s abusive what police departments are doing, and there’s people in our city that have been killed by police.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Over the years, Cobb has repeatedly asked city officials publicly and privately about the way the city spends property taxes. She\u2019s still grappling with one question: Why is such a large proportion of taxpayer money going to public safety?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

City manager Tom Bonfield told 9th Street Journal that there are several reasons for the increase, including annual raises for police officers and firefighters. \u201cThat\u2019s something like a million dollars a year for both the fire department and the police department,\u201d he said.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

There are also specific expenses that account for changes over the years, he said. In 2009, the city scaled back the number of police officers covered in the general fund budget for several years and then added them back in later, which led to increases in the public safety budget. In 2017, the city built a fire station and hired 60 firefighters.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTo take a 2009 number and a 2020 number and then try to run the math without going in and looking at every year, it is a significant oversimplification,\u201d he said.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Cobb\u2019s concern about the police budget is one that has been discussed in Durham for years. And this year, it\u2019s top of mind for many residents and officials amid protests against police brutality and the<\/span> City Council\u2019s<\/span><\/a> recent decision to increase the police budget by 5%.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gathering the data<\/b><\/p>\n

Cobb has been a resident of Old West Durham since 1994, and said that illegal activity took place in the duplex she called home for years. One incident involved her neighbor; she called the police due to her suspicions about drug dealing. But she said not much changed after that.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cI got to a point where I\u2019m paying the police to keep me safe, and I don’t feel safe,\u201d she said.<\/span><\/p>\n

So she started saving her tax notices.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
Durham General Fund 2019 expenditures, seen at the bottom of Cobb’s tax notices. Photo courtesy Andrea Cobb<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

In 2011, she reached out via email to Steve Schewel during his City Council campaign to ask about the budget. According to their email correspondence, he told her to contact him again if he won.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

So Cobb emailed again the next year about the suspected drug dealer, writing that she was \u201ca bit peeved with the police asking me to keep helping them given 45% of property tax is paying them to keep [the] district safe,\u201d according to an email she shared with 9th Street Journal.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In 2014, her questions came up in a more public way when the city held a virtual town hall to discuss increasing city property tax rates to pay for voter-approved debt and public safety spending.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Interested residents were asked to submit their questions for the town hall via email or twitter, so Cobb sent an inquiry to former assistant director of Budget and Management Services, John Allore, asking why there was a need for an increase when \u201cso much of taxpayer funds were going to public safety.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Former mayor <\/span>Bill Bell<\/span><\/a> told attendees that public safety is a combination of many departments. \u201cI constantly remind others that it\u2019s not just a law enforcement piece alone,\u201d he said, adding that the police budget included enough funding to pay the number of officers the department requested. <\/span><\/p>\n

Don Moffitt, a City Council member at the time, said the city could always do more to keep the public safer and encourage the police to engage with the community more. \u201cAre we doing enough? That’s what you’re asking, and the answer is, \u2018I don’t know.\u2019 We try to hit the balance.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
Graphic by Cameron Oglesby.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

(For more information on the city expenditures above, click here<\/a> for an interactive graphic.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Cobb said that she gave up on contacting city officials after that, since no one followed up with her about her data. \u201cI just got really discouraged by the responses,\u201d she said. \u201cAfter a few years of persistent effort, I became disenchanted being a lone seeker.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Mayor Pro Tempore Jillian Johnson was not on the council at the time Cobb brought up her grievances. She told 9th Street Journal that the annual police budget increases this year were largely due to an increase in retirement benefits and an increase in health insurance \u2014 things she said the council doesn\u2019t have \u201cmuch control over.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cEven if we never hire another police officer in the city of Durham the cost of employing the police officers that we already have will drive the budget up every year,\u201d she said.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Bonfield also said that most social services are covered through Durham County\u2019s budget, and can\u2019t simply be switched from public safety to other areas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTo say, \u2018I don’t want to pay for the police, I just want that money to go to education,\u2019 [is] a\u00a0 misnomer because that’s not the structure of the way the state of North Carolina is around public services,\u201d Bonfield said.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Hope for her hometown<\/b><\/p>\n

While Cobb has continued to save her tax statements, she isn\u2019t as vocal about it as she used to be. She tries to keep the conversation going with her friends and family. She\u2019s also created more artwork centered around guns, drug use and systemic racism, and said she is open to working with the city should they desire art focusing on these concepts for awareness.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Cobb said it\u2019s \u201ctoo much\u201d to go out and join protests against police violence at her age, but she supports the effort to pressure cities to defund city police departments.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The work to evaluate police budgets and responsibilities, which has been a years-long conversation among city officials, is progressing in Durham. The City Council recently launched and funded the<\/span> Community Safety and Wellness Task Force<\/span><\/a> to figure out how to redistribute police services and funding.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
Painting by Andrea Cobb<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

City officials will look at their recommendations and determine whether they are financially and operationally feasible. Bonfield said that from a budgetary perspective, conversations about police defunding will not end with the task force recommendation.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThere was an acknowledgment that this wasn’t going to happen overnight and this was an aspiration, not a guarantee,\u201d he said.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cobb is hopeful that in sharing her tax statements and the observations she\u2019s made, she can help advocate for more clarity from city officials during this time of social unrest, and move towards redistributing police funding.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMy place in Durham\u2019s community is tiny, although I have contributed a lot of artwork for businesses here,\u201d she said. \u201cIf I continue to live in Durham, I want to cultivate a bigger purpose.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

9th Street Journal reporter Cameron Oglesby can be reached at cameron.oglesby@duke.edu.<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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